Google Clean Energy: 24/7 Carbon-Free Strategy 2025

Google’s strategic direction from 2023 to 2025 showcases a clear and accelerating evolution in its clean energy initiatives. The period began in 2023 with focused commercialization projects in the virtual power plant (VPP) and microgrid sectors, establishing a foundation for market application. This strategy escalated significantly in 2024, marked by landmark, large-scale partnerships to co-locate renewable generation and battery storage directly with its expanding data center infrastructure. By 2025, the focus matured into a strategic consolidation phase aiming for massive-scale, 24/7 carbon-free energy deployment. This trajectory highlights Google’s transition from targeted innovation and initial deployment to securing long-term, large-volume clean energy contracts, validating its commitment to powering its global operations sustainably and solidifying its industry leadership.

Google 2025: Strategic Projects for Carbon-Free Innovation

The following analysis examines the evolution of Google’s commercial activities and market sentiment on a quarterly basis, presented in reverse chronological order.

Q4 2025: Strategic Consolidation and Year-End Trajectory

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
Entering Q4 2025, the trajectory indicates a strategic consolidation around securing massive-scale, 24/7 carbon-free energy. The focus has clearly shifted beyond intermittent renewables to firm, baseload power sources like advanced nuclear and large-scale hydropower. This is complemented by a portfolio of grid-stabilizing technologies, including long-duration energy storage (LDES) and AI-driven demand response. The momentum from Q3’s landmark deals suggests a year-end focus on implementation planning and deepening these strategic partnerships to ensure long-term energy security for its AI-driven growth.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
The primary forward-looking risk is execution. Delivering on multi-gigawatt hydropower deals and integrating nascent technologies like CO2 batteries and advanced nuclear onto the grid presents significant logistical and regulatory hurdles. The financial viability of these large-scale commitments is underpinned by Google’s balance sheet, but project delays or cost overruns related to grid interconnection and supply chain constraints remain a persistent risk.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
Entering the final quarter, market sentiment remains exceptionally high following the Q3 announcements. The Commercial Activity Chart shows PR and commercial event activity trending towards a year-end peak. This indicates that Google is successfully translating its long-term vision into a powerful public narrative of market leadership, which is strongly resonating with stakeholders. The challenge ahead will be to maintain this positive momentum as the focus shifts from high-profile announcements to the complexities of project execution.

Q3 2025: Landmark Deals and Accelerated Commercialization

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
Q3 2025 was a watershed period, dominated by a focus on securing massive, reliable power sources. The quarter’s flagship announcement was a historic partnership with Brookfield for up to 3 GW of hydropower, backed by a $3 billion commitment. This was complemented by a push into diverse next-generation technologies: a partnership with Energy Dome to scale CO2 battery storage, a collaboration with utility SRP on non-lithium LDES, and a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) for 50 MW from Kairos Power’s advanced nuclear plant. A $10 billion investment commitment for data center development in West Memphis further underscored the immense energy demand driving these procurements. Google also reinforced its role as an ecosystem builder, selecting 29 startups for its AI for Energy accelerator program.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
While the quarter was defined by positive announcements, underlying risks emerged. In August, Arizona regulators moved to repeal the state’s renewable energy standard, a potential setback for future projects in a key data center state. Antitrust scrutiny also continued, with a judge’s ruling against Google in September representing a persistent non-operational risk. Financially, the scale of investments demonstrates immense confidence and a strategy of using corporate capital to de-risk and accelerate emerging technologies.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
The Commercial Activity Chart shows a dramatic surge in PR activities in Q3, peaking in September with a value of 17, the highest for the year. Commercial events also saw strong performance with a peak of 4 in August. This flurry of high-impact announcements directly correlates with the Sentiment Chart, where the positive sentiment index reaches its highest point for the year. The widening gap between PR and commercial events in September highlights a strategic communications push to amplify these landmark deals and cement Google’s leadership narrative.

Q2 2025: Diversification into Next-Generation Technologies

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
In Q2 2025, Google diversified its energy procurement into frontier technologies. Key developments included a landmark PPA with Commonwealth Fusion Systems to purchase 200 MW of fusion energy from its future first-of-a-kind plant. The company also solidified its commitment to advanced nuclear, contracting with Elementl Power to identify sites for new power plants. In parallel, Google continued to secure large-scale renewables, signing a 600 MW solar agreement with energyRe in South Carolina. Grid modernization remained a focus, with a partnership with CTC Global to deploy advanced conductors and a collaboration with grid operator PJM using AI for interconnection planning.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
The primary risk associated with Q2’s activities is technological readiness. Investments in fusion and advanced nuclear are long-term plays with uncertain commercialization timelines. However, these agreements act as powerful adoption signals, helping to de-risk the sector. Negative sentiment data from June highlighted broader concerns about the societal impact of AI and the sustainability of state net-zero goals given the massive energy demand from data centers, an indirect risk for Google’s expansion.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
The Commercial Activity Chart shows a notable peak in commercial events in May (value of 4), driven by major PPA signings and partnership announcements. PR activity was more subdued initially but ramped up in June (value of 8). This suggests a quarter where substantive deal-making was followed by a strategic communications effort. The Sentiment Chart shows consistently high positive sentiment, reflecting market optimism about Google’s role in pioneering next-generation clean energy solutions.

Q1 2025: Setting the Stage with AI and Solar

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
The first quarter of 2025 established Google’s dual focus on securing large-scale renewable energy and leveraging its AI expertise for grid optimization. A major highlight was the signing of a 700+ MW solar PPA in Oklahoma with Leeward Renewable Energy (LRE). The company also demonstrated a commitment to grid stability by launching a $1 million fund to modernize Ohio’s electric grid. Partnerships underscored the AI theme, with Google Cloud joining forces with ENGIE to optimize wind energy and with Carrier to develop smart HVAC energy management systems. The company also joined Amazon and Meta in a pledge to support tripling global nuclear energy capacity by 2050, foreshadowing its later direct investments in the sector.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
No significant project-specific setbacks were reported in Q1. The primary challenge remains the broader context of grid constraints and the long lead times for energy project development. The financial viability of the solar PPAs is well-established, while the grid modernization fund represents a relatively small but strategic investment in public-private partnerships to address infrastructure weaknesses.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
As seen in the Commercial Activity Chart, Q1 began with a very high level of PR activity in January (value of 13), which then moderated. This indicates a strong start-of-year push to communicate its clean energy strategy. The Sentiment Chart shows that while positive sentiment dipped slightly from its 2024 high, it remained strongly positive, indicating that these early announcements were well-received and reinforced market confidence in Google’s commitment. Negative sentiment remained negligible.

Google Annual Pattern & Strategic Insights: 2025

Annual Commercialization Pattern Summary
Google’s commercialization pattern in 2025 was one of surging, strategic acceleration. Activity started strong in Q1 with major solar deals and built progressively through Q2 with pioneering investments in future technologies like fusion. The year’s activity culminated in a landmark Q3, which saw the announcement of multi-gigawatt, multi-billion-dollar deals in hydropower and significant commitments to advanced nuclear and LDES. The peak in both PR and commercial events in late Q3, particularly the record-high PR score in September, was driven by this wave of transformative announcements designed to address the immense power needs of AI. The year demonstrated a clear, upward-trending pattern of investment and deal-making, moving from a supporting role to a leadership position in driving the commercialization of diverse clean energy technologies.

SWOT Analysis

Table: Google SWOT Analysis for 2025

Google Market Hypothesis and Future Outlook: 2025

Positive Market Hypothesis (Mainstream Adoption, Lower Risk)
Positive sentiment, a surge in high-value commercial events, declining costs for mature renewables, strong policy support for next-generation power, and exponential growth in large-scale commercial agreements suggest Google’s 24/7 carbon-free energy strategy is advancing toward mainstream adoption with reduced market risk. The company’s willingness to underwrite first-of-a-kind projects in fusion, advanced nuclear, and LDES acts as a powerful de-risking mechanism for the entire clean tech sector, paving the way for broader market acceptance.

Google 2024: Landmark Partnerships Power Data Center Growth

Q4 2024: Landmark Partnerships and Large-Scale Commercialization

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness

The final quarter of 2024 was defined by landmark, large-scale commercial commitments aimed at powering Google’s growing data center infrastructure. The dominant theme was the co-location of renewable energy generation and battery storage directly with data center load. This was exemplified by the major partnership between Google and Intersect Power to develop several gigawatts of capacity, a strategy intended to create ‘powered land’ for new data centers. Another significant move was the partnership with NRG Energy and Renew Home to create a 1GW AI-powered virtual power plant (VPP) in Texas, demonstrating a push toward sophisticated, software-driven grid solutions. Adoption signals were exceptionally strong, including a 12-year power purchase agreement (PPA) with energyRe for a 435-MWdc solar project, showcasing continued reliance on long-term contracts to secure clean energy.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment

While commercial momentum was strong, operational risks remained. A partial power outage impacted Google Cloud services in a European zone in October, highlighting the critical dependence of data centers on resilient power infrastructure. Financially, the scale of investment indicates immense market confidence. The partnership with Intersect Power, part of a potential $20 billion investment plan by 2030, signals a long-term strategy where Google leverages its balance sheet to catalyze new clean energy development, moving beyond simple PPAs to more integrated and direct investments.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)

The Commercial Activity chart shows that Q4 marked the annual peak for PR activities, driven by the major partnership announcements. While the number of discrete commercial events was lower than in Q2, their strategic importance and scale were unparalleled. This intense PR amplification of high-impact deals corresponded with the Sentiment chart, where positive sentiment reached its highest point of the year. The gap between the volume of PR and commercial events widened, but this reflects a strategic shift from numerous smaller deals to fewer, mega-scale projects that naturally generate extensive media coverage.

Q3 2024: Strategic Sourcing and Emerging Reputational Risks

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness

In Q3, Google continued its strategy of securing clean energy through diverse sources and partnerships. Key activities included signing a PPA with X-ELIO for the entire 128 MW output from a Texas solar plant and a 10-year agreement in Singapore to source energy from a waste-wood plant. The company also announced new collaborations with Energix Renewables and Swift Current Energy to advance its 24/7 carbon-free energy goal. These actions demonstrate a mature procurement strategy focused on geographic and technological diversification.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment

This quarter brought significant non-financial risks to the forefront. In August, a Google data center in Ireland was blocked by the local council, citing an inability of the energy grid to cope with the demand. This event underscores a major emerging threat: grid constraints and regulatory hurdles can stall expansion plans despite corporate willingness to invest. Furthermore, negative press from organizations like the Sierra Club highlighted the growing carbon footprint of AI and cloud computing, creating a reputational risk of ‘greenwashing’ where clean energy procurement fails to offset soaring absolute energy consumption.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)

PR activities saw a significant peak in Q3, while commercial events remained moderate. The Sentiment chart reveals a crucial dynamic: while positive sentiment continued its upward trajectory, a notable spike in negative sentiment occurred. This spike directly correlates with reports on Google’s rising emissions and the blocked data center in Ireland. It illustrates a growing market paradox: even as Google aggressively pursues and publicizes its clean energy deals, the underlying energy demand of its core business is creating significant environmental and reputational headwinds.

Q2 2024: Innovation in Business Models and VPP Commercialization

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness

Q2 2024 was a period of significant innovation in both technology and business models. A key development was the formation of Renew Home from the merger of Google’s Nest Renew and OhmConnect, creating North America’s largest residential virtual power plant. This move signals a strategic push into distributed energy resources (DERs) and demand-side management. Technologically, Google’s collaboration with Tapestry and CSIRO to develop a ‘smart’ inverter aims to improve grid stability. Commercially, the quarter was marked by a pioneering effort with utility NV Energy to create a new ‘Clean Transition Tariff’. This tariff would allow Google to procure 24/7 power from Fervo’s geothermal plant, creating a replicable model for utilities to offer premium clean energy products to large customers.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment

The primary risk highlighted in this period was revealed in July, when reports surfaced detailing that Google’s greenhouse gas emissions had risen by 48% since 2019, largely due to AI and data center energy use. This news, though reported after the quarter’s end, casts a shadow over the progress made, indicating that technological and commercial solutions are in a race against escalating energy demand. The ‘Clean Transition Tariff’ represents an attempt at a financially viable, subsidy-independent model to procure advanced clean energy, demonstrating market leadership in shaping new procurement pathways.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)

The Commercial Activity chart shows that Q2 was the peak for the *volume* of commercial events, driven by the Renew Home launch and the innovative tariff and geothermal initiatives. The close alignment between PR activities and commercial events during this period suggests that concrete commercial progress was the main story. This flurry of tangible innovation contributed to the strong upward trend in the positive sentiment index seen on the Sentiment chart, building confidence that Google was developing scalable solutions.

Q1 2024: Building Momentum with Strategic Investments

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness

The year began with a clear focus on scaling up existing clean energy strategies. The quarter was anchored by a major collaboration between SRP, NextEra, and Google to power a data center campus in Arizona with a combination of solar and wind projects. The emerging VPP segment received a major boost with a $100 million investment into Renew Home (then a Google-backed entity), signaling a strong belief in the commercial potential of aggregating residential DERs.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment

No major technical setbacks or delays were reported in Q1. The $100 million investment in the VPP space is a clear indicator of market confidence and a strategy to build a financially viable business independent of direct project subsidies. By backing a company focused on grid services, Google is investing in the enabling infrastructure for a high-penetration renewables grid, a financially astute long-term play.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)

Commercial activity ramped up significantly in March, leading to a strong quarter for both PR and commercial events. The announcement of the large Arizona power deal and the VPP investment drove a surge in positive news flow. This activity is reflected in the Sentiment chart, which shows positive sentiment beginning its steep climb for the year. Negative sentiment remained negligible during this period, indicating a positive start to the year without major controversies.

Google Annual Pattern & Strategic Insights: 2024

Annual Commercialization Pattern Summary

The commercialization pattern for Google in 2024 was one of surging and accelerating activity, characterized by a strategic evolution in procurement. The year moved from traditional, though large-scale, PPAs and investments in Q1 toward more innovative and integrated solutions in subsequent quarters. Activity peaked in two distinct waves: a high volume of commercial events in Q2 centered on VPPs and innovative tariffs, and a massive peak in PR and strategic value in Q4 driven by the landmark co-location partnership with Intersect Power. The widening gap between high PR volume and a lower count of discrete commercial events in the second half of the year does not indicate a slowdown; rather, it reflects a pivot from many smaller deals to fewer, multi-billion-dollar strategic initiatives designed to solve the energy needs of entire data center campuses. The underlying cause for this intense activity is the exponential growth in energy demand from AI, which has transformed clean energy procurement from a sustainability goal into a critical business continuity and growth enabler for Google.

Table: Google SWOT Analysis for 2024

The structural market change in 2024 was the shift from viewing corporate clean energy procurement as a standalone ESG activity to an integrated component of core business strategy, driven by the existential need to power AI growth. For Google, this meant moving from being a passive buyer of renewable energy credits to an active developer and shaper of energy markets. Decision-makers must now prioritize strategies that not only secure clean electrons but also build grid resilience, manage reputational risk from rising energy use, and navigate an increasingly complex regulatory landscape.

Google Market Hypothesis and Future Outlook: 2024

Positive sentiment, the increasing scale and strategic nature of commercial agreements, strong partner engagement, and innovation in business models suggest the Corporate Clean Energy for AI and Data Centers segment is advancing toward mainstream adoption with reduced market risk. While significant challenges related to rising absolute emissions and grid integration persist, the sheer scale of investment and the pioneering of new, integrated solutions (like co-location and advanced tariffs) indicate that market leaders like Google are creating a new, more sophisticated and commercially-driven phase of the energy transition.

Google 2023: VPP & Microgrid Innovation and Deployment

The quarterly analysis is presented in reverse chronological order, from Q4 to Q1 2023.

Q4 2023: Accelerating Commercialization and Strategic Consolidation

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
The fourth quarter was dominated by themes of market consolidation and direct commercial application in the virtual power plant (VPP) and microgrid sectors. The most significant event was the merger of Google-backed Nest Renew with OhmConnect in December to build a large-scale VPP, marking a clear transition from partnership-building to creating a scaled commercial entity. In October, Google also implemented a new demand response system for its data centers, demonstrating the in-house application of its clean energy technologies. This quarter showcased a move toward solidifying market positions and executing on previously established strategies.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
The quarter’s activities indicated a strategy to de-risk commercialization through policy influence and strategic investments. In October, Google joined forces with Bloom Energy and Schneider Electric to advocate for an extension of the federal investment tax credit for microgrid controllers. This highlights a dependence on favorable policy for achieving widespread financial viability. Separately, Google Ventures’ lead in a seed funding round for Gravity, a company developing Distributed Energy Access Points (DEAPs), shows confidence in the financial potential of distributed energy infrastructure.

Government Subsidies and Grants Analysis
Direct government funding announcements were not central to this quarter, but Google’s proactive lobbying for the microgrid tax credit extension underscores the critical role that federal incentives play in the company’s commercialization roadmap. This action signals to the market that while the technology is ready, the financial case for broad adoption still benefits significantly from government support.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
As per the commercial activity chart, Q4 marked the peak for PR activity for the year, driven by a surge in November. Commercial events also saw an uptick from the previous quarter, driven by the significant Nest Renew merger. While the gap between PR and commercial events remained wide, the high-impact nature of the commercial activities (a merger and a system implementation) lent significant credibility to the PR buzz. The sentiment chart reflects this with a continued upward trend in positive sentiment, indicating that the market viewed these strategic moves with strong optimism.

Q3 2023: Forging Global Partnerships and Securing Large-Scale Renewables

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
This quarter was characterized by strategic international expansion and securing large-scale renewable energy through Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs). A key development was the PPA with Apex Clean Energy for the full 189 MW capacity of the Timbermill Wind farm. Furthermore, a partnership was forged with Hitachi Energy to combine its energy technology expertise with Google Cloud’s digital capabilities, aiming to accelerate the energy transition. These moves show Google acting as both a major energy offtaker and a technology enabler for the broader energy sector.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
Q3 represented a lull in the volume of activity compared to the rest of the year. The commercial activity chart shows a significant dip in both PR and commercial events. While not indicative of a specific setback, this slowdown could reflect a period of strategic integration following the major announcements of H1. The primary risk identified is systemic: a reliance on large-scale projects like wind farms, which are subject to their own development and interconnection challenges.

Government Subsidies and Grants Analysis
The main government-related activity was lobbying by Google’s offshoot, ‘X’, in New Zealand regarding electricity projects in August. This reflects a proactive, global approach to shaping regulatory environments to favor its clean energy and technology deployment goals, rather than passively receiving grants.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
Q3 was the quietest quarter of the year, with the lowest volume of both PR and commercial activities. This temporary dip in activity is visible on the commercial activity chart. Despite the lower volume, sentiment remained positive, supported by the high-impact nature of the PPA announcement with Apex Clean Energy and the strategic partnership with Hitachi Energy. The market appeared to value the quality and strategic importance of the announcements over their quantity.

Q2 2023: Landmark Distributed Solar Deal and Cloud-Based Enablement

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
The second quarter was defined by a landmark agreement in the distributed solar sector. In April, Google and EDP Renewables signed a framework agreement to develop approximately 650 MWp of distributed solar energy across the USA. This innovative approach, spread across more than 80 smaller projects, was designed to bypass grid backlogs and accelerate deployment. This period also saw multiple partnerships leveraging Google Cloud as an enabling technology for the energy transition with companies like T-Mobile and SAP.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
The distributed solar deal with EDP Renewables included a novel financial component, dedicating 10% of revenue to environmental justice and low-income community benefits. While demonstrating social responsibility, this also introduces a new layer of complexity to project finance. The primary risk signal was the significant gap between high PR volume and a low number of concrete commercial events, suggesting a period heavy on announcements and future planning rather than immediate project completions.

Government Subsidies and Grants Analysis
In April, the Australian government announced $120 million for community batteries, a development that aligns with Google’s broader focus on distributed energy resources. While not a direct grant to Google, it reflects a supportive policy environment for the technologies the company is championing.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
PR activity in Q2 was high, second only to Q4. However, the volume of discrete commercial events was low, creating a wide chasm on the activity chart. This indicates a quarter focused on announcing major, long-term strategic initiatives. The market reacted with strong positive sentiment, driven by the sheer scale and innovative structure of the EDP Renewables distributed solar portfolio, viewing it as a transformative step in corporate renewable procurement.

Q1 2023: Building the Foundation for a VPP Ecosystem

Emerging Themes and Technological Readiness
The year began with a strong focus on building the foundational ecosystem for VPPs and residential demand response. In January, Google Nest was a key participant in the launch of the RMI ‘Virtual Power Plant Partnership’ alongside General Motors. This was followed in February by a commercial program launched with Voltus, Resideo, and ecobee using smart thermostats in the Midwest. Google also made a strategic investment in FlexiDAO, a platform for 24/7 carbon-free energy tracking, signaling a commitment to high-fidelity data in its clean energy operations.

Risk and Financial Viability Assessment
The activities in Q1 were primarily foundational and carried low immediate financial risk. They focused on creating partnerships and launching initial programs to test and prove the commercial viability of VPP and demand response models. The investment in FlexiDAO represents a calculated move to acquire the sophisticated tools needed to manage a complex, 24/7 clean energy portfolio, mitigating future operational risks.

Market Sentiment and PR vs Commercial Activities (Chart Analysis)
Q1 showed a strong and balanced start to the year. It had a high volume of PR activity that was matched by the highest quarterly count of commercial events for the entire year. This resulted in the narrowest gap between PR and commercial activities, suggesting a healthy alignment between announcements and concrete actions. This strong execution, particularly in the promising VPP sector, helped reverse the slight dip in sentiment from late 2022 and set a positive tone for 2023.

Google Annual Pattern & Strategic Insights: 2023

Annual Commercialization Pattern Summary
In 2023, Google’s clean tech commercialization pattern was strategic and surging, characterized by foundational ecosystem-building in H1 and a transition toward consolidation and execution in H2. Activity peaked in Q1 and Q4, which served as bookends for the year’s strategy. Q1 established the VPP and demand response agenda with key partnerships, while Q4 saw this mature into a major merger and policy advocacy. The landmark 650 MWp distributed solar deal in Q2 was the year’s single largest commercial commitment, while the Q3 lull represented a period of strategic digestion. The overarching pattern reveals a clear, two-pronged strategy: procuring massive amounts of renewable energy to meet its own 24/7 carbon-free goal, while simultaneously commercializing its technology platforms (Nest, Cloud) to enable the broader energy transition.

SWOT Analysis

Table: Google SWOT Analysis for 2023

Actionable Insights
The structural market change evident in 2023 is the shift from centralized, passive clean energy procurement to active, technology-driven management of distributed energy ecosystems. Google is not just a buyer of energy but an architect of the new energy grid. For decision-makers, the key insight is that Google’s true competitive advantage lies at the intersection of its cloud, AI, and consumer hardware assets. The strategic imperative is to scale these integrated solutions, moving from flagship partnerships to broad market platforms, and to continue using its considerable influence to shape the policy landscape in its favor.

Google Market Hypothesis and Future Outlook: 2023

Positive Market Hypothesis (Mainstream Adoption, Lower Risk)
Positive sentiment, a year-end acceleration in high-impact commercial events, strong policy alignment, and growth in significant commercial agreements like the EDP Renewables deal and the Nest Renew merger suggest Google’s strategy in the Digital Energy and Grid Modernization Solutions segment is advancing toward mainstream adoption with reduced market risk.

Table: Google SWOT Analysis Between 2021 – 2025