Top 10 CCUS Hubs: UK’s £22 B Investment with BP Leads a $16.5 B Global Push (2024 to 2026)

The global Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) market is rapidly consolidating around a hub-and-cluster model, where shared infrastructure is the key to achieving commercial scale and de-risking private investment. This model is being propelled by massive government funding commitments, highlighted by the UK’s £22 billion pledge for its Track 1 clusters and Canada’s $16.5 billion Pathways Alliance project. These investments in common CO 2 transport and storage networks can slash per-project costs by creating economies of scale. For 2025 and beyond, the dominant market theme is the urgent build-out of this physical infrastructure, shifting the primary industry bottleneck from capture technology to the availability of large-scale CO 2 pipeline networks and permitted storage sites.

1. UK Track 1 Clusters (East Coast Cluster & Hy Net), United Kingdom

Companies/Partners: BP, Equinor, Total Energies, Shell, National Grid (East Coast Cluster); Eni, Progressive Energy, Hanson (Hy Net)
Shared Infrastructure Investment: Up to £22 billion in government funding over 25 years confirmed in October 2024.
Target Capacity: 10 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of CO 2 by 2030 across four clusters, with Hy Net targeting an initial 5 Mtpa.
Source: [PDF] Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) INSIGHT

2. Pathways Alliance, Canada

Companies/Partners: A coalition of Canada’s six largest oil sands producers.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: A planned $16.5 billion for a shared CO 2 pipeline connecting over 20 facilities.
Target Capacity: To become one of the world’s largest CCUS initiatives, supported by Canada’s CCUS Investment Tax Credit.
Source: World’s biggest carbon capture project could ‘essentially drain …

3. U.S. DOE Carbon Management Programs, United States

Companies/Partners: Various industrial and energy companies supported by federal programs.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: Over $3.5 billion in funding opportunities announced in early 2025, including the Carbon SAFE initiative.
Target Capacity: A project pipeline with an expected capacity of 244.8 Mtpa by 2030, primarily focused on the Gulf Coast.
Source: DOE announces over $3.5 billion in carbon management funding …

4. Jubail CCUS Hub, Saudi Arabia

Companies/Partners: Saudi Aramco.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: A massive state-led investment, though the specific figure is not public.
Target Capacity: Up to 9 Mtpa of CO 2 storage by 2027.
Source: [PDF] global status of ccs 2024 – collaborating for a net-zero future

5. Daya Bay CCUS Cluster, China

Companies/Partners: CNOOC, Shell, Exxon Mobil.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: A multi-billion-dollar joint venture for shared offshore pipeline and storage.
Target Capacity: A planned 10 Mtpa open-source cluster for the Daya Bay industrial zone.
Source: [PDF] Developments with Carbon Management (CCUS and CDR …

6. East China CCUS Cluster, China

Companies/Partners: Sinopec, Baosteel, Shell, BASF.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: A significant capital partnership to develop shared, open-access infrastructure.
Target Capacity: A hub with a capacity of 10 Mtpa.
Source: [PDF] Developments with Carbon Management (CCUS and CDR …

7. Porthos, Netherlands

Companies/Partners: Port of Rotterdam Authority, Gasunie, EBN.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: The EU’s first large-scale CO 2 transport and storage system to reach a Final Investment Decision (FID).
Target Capacity: Serving industrial emitters in the Port of Rotterdam.
Source: What does it take for large-scale CCS projects to reach final …

8. Longship Project, Norway

Companies/Partners: Norwegian Government, Equinor, Shell, Total Energies.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: A full-scale CCS project with ongoing investment confirmed by a recent FID to expand storage.
Target Capacity: Open-access infrastructure for transport to an offshore storage site in the North Sea.
Source: [PDF] STAYING THE COURSE – Global CCS Institute

9. Kasawari Hub, Malaysia

Companies/Partners: Petronas.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: One of the world’s largest offshore CCS projects, representing a major investment by Malaysia’s national oil company.
Target Capacity: Capturing and storing CO 2 from natural gas processing.
Source: Flexible, modular carbon capture gas power plants – mtu Solutions

10. Project Greensand, Denmark

Companies/Partners: INEOS, Wintershall Dea.
Shared Infrastructure Investment: Developing CO 2 transport and storage infrastructure in the Danish North Sea.
Target Capacity: A cross-border CO 2 storage service for European industrial emitters.
Source: Flexible, modular carbon capture gas power plants – mtu Solutions

Table: Top 10 CCUS Hubs by Shared Infrastructure Investment (2024-2026)

CCUS Adoption, Major Energy Firms Lead with Multi-Billion Dollar Hubs

The strategic shift to a hub model is being led by major energy companies leveraging their capital and subsurface expertise to build networks that serve multiple industries. Projects like China’s East China Cluster, which unites energy giant Shell with industrial players like Baosteel (steel) and BASF (chemicals), demonstrate the model’s core appeal. It allows hard-to-abate sectors to decarbonize by plugging into shared infrastructure without bearing the full cost of transport and storage, which can account for up to 40% of a project’s total expense. This collaborative approach, dominated by firms like Exxon Mobil, Eni, and BP, is expanding CCUS adoption beyond traditional oil and gas applications into manufacturing, steel, and chemicals.

Senior Energy Leaders Drive CCUS Adoption

The section discusses how major energy firms are leading CCUS adoption, and this chart confirms that senior leaders from the Oil & Gas sector are a key force driving these initiatives.

(Source: Wood Mackenzie)

UK & USA Leadership, Government Policy Drives CCUS Hub Development

North America and Europe are setting the global pace for CCUS hub development, but with distinct policy approaches. The United States leads in sheer volume, with a planned capacity of 244.8 Mtpa driven by powerful financial incentives like the 45 Q tax credit. This has spurred a wave of project announcements, particularly along the Gulf Coast. In contrast, the United Kingdom leads in providing direct, long-term government funding—its £22 billion commitment for the Track 1 clusters de-risks the massive upfront capital cost of infrastructure. This government-backed model provides the revenue certainty needed to reach Final Investment Decisions (FID). Meanwhile, state-led initiatives in Saudi Arabia (Jubail Hub) and China (Daya Bay) underscore a global consensus on the hub model, adapted to different regulatory and economic environments.

Policy Support Fuels Global CCUS Leadership

This chart reinforces the section’s argument by showing the US as a leader in the global project pipeline and explicitly linking capacity growth to an increase in policy support.

(Source: Nature)

81% Cost Reduction, Shared CCUS Infrastructure Proves Commercial Viability

The hub-and-cluster model is solidifying its position as the only commercially viable path to scaling CCUS. Standalone, point-to-point projects are being supplanted by integrated networks that dramatically lower costs. One analysis found that clustering can reduce required pipeline lengths by over 81% compared to individual projects, a critical saving. This shift is a key sign of market maturity. Projects like Porthos in the Netherlands and Longship in Norway reaching FID signal that the financial and technical risks of shared infrastructure are now considered manageable. This paves the way for a new business model: “CO 2 Transport and Storage as a Service, ” where third-party operators build and manage networks for multiple industrial clients, turning decarbonization into a utility service.

Chart Shows Economics of CCUS Clusters

As the section highlights cost reduction through shared infrastructure, this chart directly illustrates the economics of cluster design, supporting the claim of commercial viability.

(Source: ScienceDirect.com)

Exxon Mobil’s 10 Mtpa Hub, The Rise of CCUS-as-a-Service Models in 2026

Looking ahead to 2026, the most critical strategic action is the physical build-out and permitting of CO 2 transport and storage infrastructure. As a wave of capture projects moves forward, the availability of pipeline networks and qualified geological storage sites will become the primary constraint on growth. Watch for a rapid acceleration in midstream infrastructure investment, signaling the maturation of a “CCUS-as-a-Service” market.

• The U.S. Department of Energy’s announcement of over $3.5 billion in carbon management funding in early 2025 is a direct catalyst for developing large-scale geologic storage hubs under the Carbon SAFE initiative.
• Joint ventures between major energy firms, such as the 10 Mtpa Daya Bay cluster involving CNOOC, Shell, and Exxon Mobil, exemplify the move toward shared infrastructure operated as a service for entire industrial regions.
• In Europe, the final investment decisions for Porthos and the expansion of Longship confirm that capital is now being deployed for the physical construction of these networks, moving beyond the planning stage.
• The industry’s primary bottleneck is visibly shifting from the cost and efficiency of capture technology to the logistical and regulatory challenges of building and operating the shared infrastructure required to transport and permanently store CO 2 at scale.

Global CCUS Capacity Projected to Grow

This chart projects global CCUS capacity growth to early 2026, visually representing the infrastructure build-out and market maturation that the section identifies as a key trend.

(Source: Renewable Carbon)

The questions your competitors are already asking

This report covers one angle of the CCUS market’s pivot to shared infrastructure investment. The questions that matter most depend on your work.

• Which operators like BP, Equinor, and Eni are gaining ground in the race to develop and operate large-scale CCUS hubs?
• What is the outlook for shared CO2 pipeline and storage infrastructure deployment in Europe and North America by 2030?
• UK Track 1 investments and funding. Is the £22 billion project on track to meet its 10 Mtpa target?
• What are the opportunities for pipeline engineering and midstream service companies in the North Sea and Canadian CCUS hub markets?

This report does not answer these. Enki Brief Pro does.

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